Automotive CAN Bus System Explained Instruction & Diagnosis

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In this article we will talk about one of the most popular communication protocol in the on-board diagnostics (OBD)-II standard,which is Controller Area Network (CAN) Bus.

What is CAN Bus System?

A Controller Area Network (CAN) refers to a net work of independent controllers. It is a serial communications protocol that efficiently supports distributed real-time control with a very high level of security. The CAN bus standard was developed by Bosch and Intel and the version of the current standard has been in use since 1990.

Back in a day when the world was less concerned about environment,there were fewer sensors and modules in the car.At that time,all sensors and modules were connected by point to point wires because they did not need to be linked together for exchanging real time information.

However,as the environment regulation gets stricter,vehicles were required t have more and more sensors and modules to control emission from the exhaust pipe.

They need to share information in real time to effectively control emission.This mean more wire harnesses were required between modules,and therefor much more weight to the vehicle,more complexity of the system and eventually higher cost.

In order to optimize efficiency of the network,Robert Bosch GmbH came up with a new protocol in 1985,called CAN (Controller Area Network).CAN allowed different modules to communicate each other using a common cable.

In short, the Controller Area Network (CAN) is a standard used to allow Electronic Control Units (ECUs) to communicate in an efficient manner without a central computer. Messages are broadcast in a system that requires very little physical wiring making CAN bus low cost, robust and efficient. Applications of the CAN protocol include in particular automotive (cars, trucks, buses, commercial vehicles etc.), but also e.g. boats, drones and industrial automation.

As the automotive industry started to adopt CAN,International Organization for Standardization (ISO) released the CAN standard

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